If you’ve ever tried to get a Spanish or Portuguese document accepted by a UK authority, a court, or an overseas institution, you’ve probably come across these four terms and wondered what on earth the difference is. You’re not alone…

If you’ve received a Spanish or Portuguese document and need to submit it to a UK authority, a court, a bank, or a government body, you’ve probably asked yourself this question. The short answer is: it depends on who is…

The European Union and Mexico have signed a modernised trade agreement that will remove tariffs on 99% of goods exchanged between the two economies. The pact updates the original EU–Mexico agreement from 2000 and is designed to strengthen trade ties,…

Five investment banks from the US and Europe have reportedly expressed strong interest in helping finance a US$2 billion loan package for Peru’s state-owned oil company, Petroperú, according to Peru’s investment promotion agency, Proinversión. The funds are intended to stabilise…

Brazil’s government is preparing a diplomatic response after the European Union decided to suspend imports of several Brazilian animal products from September 2026. The ban is expected to affect beef, poultry, eggs, honey and other animal-derived goods. Brazilian authorities say…

Panama’s government is pushing forward legislation that would impose a 15% tax on the gross income generated in the country by multinational companies that cannot demonstrate genuine economic activity there. The proposal forms part of Panama’s effort to be removed…

Venezuelan sovereign and PDVSA bonds have surged after the US Treasury authorised the country to hire specialist legal and financial advisers for a potential debt restructuring process. The move is seen as a significant step towards formal negotiations with creditors…

Revolut has increased its total investment in Mexico to US$167 million, reinforcing its commitment to expanding in one of Latin America’s largest financial markets. The latest capital injection—around US$64 million—was channelled into its Mexican subsidiary to strengthen operations following its…

Canadian beef producers are alarmed by the government’s pursuit of a free trade agreement with Mercosur, the South American trading bloc comprising Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. The president of the Canadian Cattlemen’s Association (CCA), Tyler Fulton, described the potential…

Bank of Spain believes the EU–Mercosur trade agreement will deliver greater overall benefits for Mercosur countries than for the European Union, although both sides stand to gain. According to the Bank, the deal—after more than 25 years of negotiations—will eliminate…